Antimony, tungsten, gallium, germanium and several rare earths are now subject to export licensing in some producing countries, most notably China. For buyers, the material is only half of the deal. The licence, the end-user documents and the timing decide whether it can ship at all.
What has changed
Since 2023, China has introduced export licensing for a series of critical materials. Antimony products were added in 2024. In 2025, licensing was extended to several medium and heavy rare earths, including dysprosium and terbium. Some measures have since been tightened, paused or eased, and further changes are possible at short notice.
What it means in practice
- An exporter needs a licence for each contract, which adds weeks to the timetable
- Buyers are usually asked for an end-user certificate stating how the material will be used
- Some destinations and end uses may be refused outright
- Offers of controlled material without a licence position should be treated with caution
How to plan a purchase
Agree the licence route before the contract, not after. Ask the seller to confirm whether the product is controlled, who will apply for the licence and how long it usually takes. Build the licence approval into the contract as a condition, with the shipment period running from approval.
Where supply from one country is uncertain, consider qualifying a second origin. Material from other producing countries can carry different documents and a different price, but it can keep a supply chain moving while licences are pending.
We confirm the export licence position and screen every party against sanctions lists before any controlled material is offered. This article is general information, not legal advice; check the current rules with the relevant authority before you contract.
